Rahim Kazemi; Ali Reza Eslami
Abstract
Base flow and related index is influenced by morphometric, geologic and hydroclimatological factors. As a result, it is precondition data for planning and water resources management. In this research, base flow and related index were extracted from daily stream flow data using one parameter recursive ...
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Base flow and related index is influenced by morphometric, geologic and hydroclimatological factors. As a result, it is precondition data for planning and water resources management. In this research, base flow and related index were extracted from daily stream flow data using one parameter recursive digital filter in eighteen hydrometric stations of the Caspian Basin. Physiographic, climatic, hydrological, and geological factors were calculated in GIS environment. Using factor analysis of the eighteen parameters, five factors were selected as independent factors. Statistical models were formulated to calculate several regressions between hydroclimatological and physiographic parameters. Further, residual analysis method was used to compare and evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the models. Results showed that Hard Formations, the average height of basin, drainage density, and coverage of forest were the best predictors of the base flow index. Statistical models highlights importance of Q90/Q50 ratio as the suitable hydrologic index to estimate the base flow index. Besides, this model confirmed controlling role of Hard formations and the forest coverage on the base flow index.
Rahim Kazemi; Hamid Davoudi; Mohammad Jafar Soltani; Amir Sarreshtehdari
Abstract
There are more than 5.5 million date palms in Bushehr province in southern Iran. Repeated droughts and lack of irrigation water in recent years are being the most important factors for yield reduction and low quality of date fruits. Proper utilization of water supplies in order to increase water use ...
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There are more than 5.5 million date palms in Bushehr province in southern Iran. Repeated droughts and lack of irrigation water in recent years are being the most important factors for yield reduction and low quality of date fruits. Proper utilization of water supplies in order to increase water use efficiency and also, identification of more tolerant plants are so sensed according to recent drought crisis in the region. Although, date palm can suffer water shortage for a long time but higher water levels and annual soil temperature between 17 to 45 centigrade degrees would make the highest production. Therefore, a study was conducted in Bushehr Agricultural Research Center to determine the responses of three date palm cultivars of Kabkab, Zahidi and Shahabi to deficit irrigation. This experiment was carried out on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2004 to 2007. The irrigation treatments of this study were water depth in four levels of 35, 50 and 65 percent of irrigation water, which shows the cumulative evaporation of class A pan. Irrigation water was offered to plants under pressured system. Tree responses were evaluated in each year for the following properties: fruits and seeds weight, length and diameter, pulp to seed ratio, TSS, pH and yield. Results showed that cultivar effect was significant in all date palm responses (p>0.01) which can prove different inherent qualitative and quantitative characteristics in date palm cultivars. Zahidi cultivar proved to have higher water use efficiency in water stress conditions during drought periods. Irrigation treatments affected only the yield responses. Although, 65 percent of irrigation water showed to have higher production abut it was classified in the same statistical class with 50 percent of irrigation water. This means that in the situation of water shortage, 50 percent of irrigation water would be the choice. Also, mean water usage during three years of the experiment were 5497, 7758 and 9822 m3 ha-1 per year in the irrigation treatments with 0.544, 0.481 and 0.409 kg m-3 water use efficiency respectively. The sequence of water stress toleration in three date palms was Zahidi > Shahabi > Kabkab.
Hamid Davoodi; Rahim Kazemi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , May 2010, , Pages 35-43
Abstract
Disregarding land treatment and integrated management of coastal zone in Iran causes loss of huge ecologic resources in the country which is located in arid area and faces a great predicament such as soil erosion particularly, the given research zone is situated on 30°, 00¢ to 30°, 33¢ ...
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Disregarding land treatment and integrated management of coastal zone in Iran causes loss of huge ecologic resources in the country which is located in arid area and faces a great predicament such as soil erosion particularly, the given research zone is situated on 30°, 00¢ to 30°, 33¢ northern latitude and the condition of soil erosion in the region is more severe due to specific situation and vicinity to Arabia desert and experiencing strong winds specially in summer from the coast and removal of evaporation sediments. It is difficult to retrieve the ecologic resources in the region and the natural capital such as water is subject to various pollutants including industrial and the human. It is possible to prevent the loss of national capitals which can be the factor of socioeconomic growth and the property while optimal use of existing resources using sciences like and treatment by defining ecologic potentiality and restrictions of the region. In this research, specific ecologic models of the region was constructed by means of different library resources and basic topographic information, geology, pedology, vegetation cover, aerial photos, satellite images, field surveys, GIS software, and by Makhdoum method and the land treatment was conducted by Ilwis software in seven priorities of agriculture, aquatics breeding, rural and urban development, conservation, pasture management, and recreation and the map of various uses such as: land use, geology and geomorphology was produced. According to aquatics breeding, conservation and other maps for comparison of priority and optimal uses was determined. Due to the results obtained, areas of 14.6, 14.4, 67, 14.8, 40 34.5% are susceptible for agriculture, rural and urban development, recreational activities, concentrated recreation and aquatics breeding.
